EDITORIAL | |
1. | Increased manuscript number and letters from the readers (``Sister Guzin``!!!) Bilgin Timuralp PMID: 23565529 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.077 Pages 1 - 2 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION | |
2. | Acute cardiotoxic effects of high dose toluene: an experimental study Ufuk Taş, Fatih Ekici, Fatih Koç, Erkan Söğüt, Murat Ayan, Tuncay Kuloğlu, Akgül Arıcı, Birsen Özyurt PMID: 23070630 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.001 Pages 3 - 8
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the acute cardiotoxic effects of high dose toluene and its damage mechanisms on heart tissue in the acute period. Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar Albino rats (200-220 g) were used in this controlled experimental animal study. Animals were divided into two equal groups: a control group (Group 1) and a high dose (6 mL/kg/gavage) toluene-administered group (Group 2). Arterial blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) values were measured at 30th, 60th and 90th minutes after toluene was administered. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples and heart tissues were taken from the rats. Serum troponin T levels were assayed. Heart tissue sections were stained using routine histological methods and examined under a light microscope. In addition, the sections were immunohistochemically stained using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method to determine caspase-3 immunoreactivity and TUNEL to detect apoptosis. To compare the apoptotic index, the Mann-Whitney U test was used. For comparisons between the two groups, the independent t- test was used. In addition, time-based changes of intra-group parameters were evaluated using paired t tests. Results: BP and HR values were low in toluene-treated rats compared to the control group. Troponin T levels were increased in toluene-administered animals as compared with controls [Toluene group: 0.140 (0.010-2.000) ng/mL vs control group: 0.010 (0.010-0.010) ng/mL, p=0.01]. Histopathologic examination of heart tissue sections showed congestion and edema in toluene administrated rats. Higher TUNEL positivity and (+++) immunoreactivity for caspase-3 protein were observed in the toluene group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that high doses of toluene cause apoptosis and may lead to impairment of cardiac function in the acute period. |
3. | High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in a Western urban Turkish population: a community-based study Belgin Ünal, Kaan Sözmen, Reyhan Uçku, Gül Ergör, Ahmet Soysal, Hakan Baydur, Reci Meseri, Hatice Şimşek PMID: 23070631 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.002 Pages 9 - 17
Objective: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the largest cause of morbidity and mortality in Turkey and in the World. Heart of Balçova Project is a community- based health promotion project that aims to reduce CVD incidence and prevalence through risk factor modification in the individual and population level. This paper presents results of the baseline survey that aimed to define CVD risk factors and risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Balçova population. Methods: The study population included 36,187 people over 30 years of age residing in Balçova in 2007. Individuals were interviewed at their homes. Anthropometrics and blood pressure were measured and in total 12914 fasting blood samples were collected for lipid and glucose analyses. CHD risk was estimated using Framingham risk equation. Student’s t test, Chi-square for trend test and ANOVA were used to compare mean levels and percentages of risk factors between age groups and gender. Results: In total 5552 men and 10528 women participated in the study. Smoking prevalence was 38.6% in men and 26.8% in women. The prevalence of obesity was 29.4% among men and 44.2% among women and obesity prevalence increased until the age group 75 years old. While 14.6% of men and 12.6% of women had diabetes, 39.8% of men and 41.8% of women had hypertension. The prevalence of high total cholesterol was 56.0% in men and 50.6% in women. Men had a higher risk of developing CHD compared to women in the following 10 years (13.4% vs 2.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of preventable risk factors for CHD is very high in Balçova population. Community-based interventions should be planned and implemented targeting both the high-risk individuals and whole population. |
4. | The significance of the left atrial volume index in cardioversion success and its relationship with recurrence in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation subjected to electrical cardioversion: a study on diagnostic accuracy Barış Akdemir, Refik Emre Altekin, Murathan Küçük, Atakan Yanıkoğlu, Mustafa Serkan Karakaş, Anıl Aktaş PMID: 23070632 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.003 Pages 18 - 25
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of the left atrial volume index (LAVI) in electrical cardioversion (ECV) and observe the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) after a successful ECV in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Method: This study was designed as a diagnostic accuracy and prospective cohort study. Eighty patients (mean age 62±12 years; 52.5% female) were enrolled in study. LAVI was measured using the area-length method and the indexed body surface area. Patients in whom the sinus rhythm (SR) was established following the ECV were assessed according to the clinical and electrocardiography (ECG) findings at the first month and grouped as those with continued SR or recurrent AF. The Student’s t, Mann-Whitney U, Fisher’s exact, Chi-square tests, ROC and logistic regression analyses were used for statistical analysis. Results: Subsequent to the ECV, SR was achieved in 62.5% (n=50) of the patients. In those where SR was established, the AP-Lad (4.32±0.62 vs. 4.77±0.4 cm/p=0.002) and LAVI (35.3±11.5 vs. 53.1±10.1 mL/m2/p<0.001) values were observed to be lower. ECV success was found to be associated only with the LAVI (OR: 1.122, 95%CI: 1.058-1.191, p<0.001). The AUC was found as 0.892±0.041 for the LAVI (95% CI: 0.075-0.285, p<0.001). During the controls at the end of the 1st month, SR was maintained in 72% (n=36) of the successful ECV group. Among the patients with maintained SR, the antero-posterior left atrial dimension (4.17±0.62 vs. 4.72±0.5 cm/p=0.004) and LAVI (30.8±6.2 vs. 46.8±13.9 mL/m2/p<0.001) values were also observed to be lower. Only the LAVI was found to be associated with the recurrence of the AF (OR: 1.355, 95% CI: 1.154-1.591, p<0.001). The AUC was found as 0.950±0.029 for the LAVI (95% CI: 0.063-0.313, p=0.003) Conclusion: Lower LAVI values before the ECV are strong and independent predictors of the success of the ECV and the maintenance of SR after a successful ECV. |
5. | Expert panel on cost analysis of atrial fibrillation Ali Serdar Fak, M. Serdar Küçükoğlu, Nazire Afşar Fak, Mesut Demir, Mustafa Demirtaş, Sedat Köse, Murat Özdemir PMID: 23070633 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.004 Pages 26 - 38
Objective: To estimate total cost of atrial fibrillation (AF) management concerning acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, stroke and drug related adverse events with respect to clinical practice and available guidelines. Methods: This cost analysis study was based on identification of total costs related to management of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, stroke and the drug related adverse events in patients with AF based on standardized questionnaire forms filled by experts according to their daily clinical practice and also to ACCF/AHA/ESC guidelines. Total cost included cost items related to treatment, healthcare resources utilization, and diagnostic test and consultations. Results: The yearly cost of acute coronary syndrome per patient was 5.478.43 TL according to expert’s view reflecting real clinical practice whereas it was 11.319.44 TL when calculation was based on recommendations in the guidelines. The average total cost of heart failure was 4.523.74 TL according to expert’s view whereas it was 2.925.86 TL based on guidelines. The average total cost of stroke was 5.719.25 TL according to expert’s view but 7.931.18 TL based on guidelines. Among drug related adverse events, only those related to cardiac adverse events were estimated to be higher according to expert view as compared to guideline recommendations (288.65 vs. 150.99 TL). Conclusions: Reflecting the treatment algorithms in the management of AF and related adverse events, our findings seem to emphasize the extra burden on health economics posed by patients suffering from the uncontrolled disease. |
6. | Increased circulating soluble CD40 levels in patients with slow coronary flow phenomenon: an observational study Murtaza Emre Durakoğlugil, Sinan Altan Kocaman, Mustafa Çetin, Aynur Kırbaş, Aytun Çanga, Turan Erdoğan, Yüksel Çiçek PMID: 23070634 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.005 Pages 39 - 44
Objective: Slow coronary flow (SCF) is an angiographic finding characterized with delayed opacification of epicardial coronary arteries without obstructive coronary disease. CD40/CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling seems closely related to atherosclerosis due to increased inflammation and prothrombotic state. We investigated whether soluble CD40 (sCD40), an indirect marker of CD40/CD40L dyad, is related to SCF. Methods: The present study was cross-sectional and observational, consisting of seventy individuals who underwent coronary angiography with suspicion of CAD and had angiographically normal coronary arteries of varying coronary flow rates. The relationship between sCD40, C-reactive protein (CRP) and SCF phenomenon was investigated. Fifty patients with isolated SCF (mean age: 56±10 years) and 20 age- and gender-matched control participants with normal coronary flow (NCF) and normal coronary arteries (NCA), (mean age: 55±10 years) were included in the study. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the predictors of SCF. Results: The clinical characteristics were not statistically significant different between SCF and NCA group. Serum CRP levels were also similar between two groups. Serum sCD40 level was significantly higher in the SCF group compared to control group (74±31 vs. 59±16 pg/mL, p=0.014). In multiple regression analyses, mean coronary diameter strongly (OR: 7.358, 95% CI: 1.990-27.20, p=0.003) and sCD40 (OR: 1.044, 95% CI: 1.006-1.084, p=0.023) weakly predicted SCF. Conclusion: This study revealed, significantly increased serum sCD40 levels in patients with SCF. Although we cannot conclude the underlying pathological process of SCF, we believe that these findings may be pivotal for further studies searching the specific roles of CD40/CD40L signaling on SCF phenomenon in coronary vasculature. |
EDITORIAL COMMENT | |
7. | The light of inflammation in the darkness of the coronary slow flow phenomenon Gabriele Fragasso PMID: 23154121 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.030 Pages 45 - 47 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION | |
8. | Effect of family history of type-2 diabetes on coronary flow reserve and it’s relationship with insulin resistance: an observational study Mustafa Çalışkan, Barış Önder Pamuk, Hakan Güllü, Özgür Çiftçi, Zuhal Çalışkan, Doğan Erdoğan, Aytekin Güven, Ezgi Polat, Haldun Müderrisoğlu PMID: 23086803 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.006 Pages 48 - 56
Objective: Coronary microvascular function among offspring of patients with diabetes mellitus might be compromised when compared to persons with no first-degree relative with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to evaluate effect of family history of type-2 diabetes on coronary flow reserve. Methods: In this observational study, we evaluated coronary flow reserve (CFR) via echocardiography of 95 subjects having a biological parent with type-2 diabetes and 34 healthy volunteers without any biological parent with type-2 diabetes. We have analyzed possible association with CFR and homeostasis model assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Comparison analyses were made using independent samples t test, Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. Association of independent variables with CFR was obtained by correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression model including potential confounders. Results: CFR was significantly lower in the positive family history group than in the controls. Moreover, when compared with controls, the subgroup of insulin-sensitive subjects in the positive family history group also had significantly reduced CFR (2.67±0.28 vs. 2.83±0.19; p=0.01). Correlation analysis revealed that CFR was inversely correlated with HOMA-IR, (r=-0.433), fasting glucose (r=-0.331), fasting insulin (r=-0.396), and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c (r=-0.405). When the positive family history group was divided into tertiles of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR <1.3, 1.3-2.6, and >2.6; Groups 1-2, and 3), there was a significant difference in CFR between Groups 1 and 2 and between Groups 1 and 3 (p Conclusion: Nondiabetic first-degree relatives of patients with type-2 diabetes are at increased risk of developing coronary microvascular dysfunction. |
9. | Predictive value of mean platelet volume in young patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a retrospective observational study Mehmet Fatih Özlü, Serkan Öztürk, Suzi Selim Ayhan, Mehmet Tosun, Aytekin Alçelik, Alim Erdem, Mehmet Yazıcı PMID: 23086804 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.007 Pages 57 - 61
Objective: Platelets play an important role in both initiation and propagation of acute coronary syndromes. We sought to evaluate the predictive value of mean platelet volume (MPV) in young patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS). Methods: This is a retrospective observational study; evaluating the MPV values of 79 NSTE-ACS patients aged under 45 years and 45 control subjects having normal coronary anatomy. NSTE-ACS group was composed of 41 non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and 38 unstable angina pectoris (USAP) patients. MPV was measured using an automated hematologic analyzer called Coulter counter. The predictive value of MPV was evaluated using logistic regression analysis and comparison of MPV between NSTE-ACS and control groups was performed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The MPV was found to be significantly higher in the NSTE-ACS compared with control group (8.49±1.22 versus 7.78±0.65 fL, p=0.001). In logistic regression analysis, MPV was found to be an independent predictor of NSTE-ACS (OR=3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.2, p=0.022). The MPV values of NSTEMI group were not significantly different from USAP group (8.78±1.38 versus 8.17±0.95 fL, p=0.66). Similarly, the MPV values of the 3 groups (Control, USAP and NSTEMI) were found to be significantly different (7.78±0.65, 8.18±0.95, 8.78±1.38 fL respectively, p=0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, MPV was found to be elevated in NSTE-ACS patients compared with control subjects in young population. In addition, increased MPV was established to be an independent predictor of NSTE-ACS. |
REVIEW | |
10. | Heart disease in patients with thyroid dysfunction: hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and beyond Michele Coceani PMID: 23086805 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.008 Pages 62 - 66
The thyroid and the cardiovascular system are closely related, both in physiological and pathological conditions. The adverse consequences on the heart of overt thyroid disease are well-known and even subclinical forms of both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. In recent years, attention has shifted towards milder forms of thyroid disease, such as the so-called “low T3 syndrome”, which is characterized by an isolated reduction in circulating levels of the biologically active form of thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T3). Furthermore, variations of T3 within the physiological range have been linked to coronary artery disease, one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present manuscript provides an overview of thyroid physiology and pathophysiology, with a particular focus on cardiovascular disease in patients with milder forms of thyroid dysfunction. |
11. | Diurnal variation in acute thrombotic cardiovascular events Turgay Işık, Erkan Ayhan, Hüseyin Uyarel PMID: 23086806 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.009 Pages 67 - 71
Circadian clocks affect cardiovascular system and thought to be responsible for the increased vascular events during certain periods. Determination of the diurnal variation of acute vascular thrombotic events might help us for protection of patients during vulnerable periods. In this review, we investigate diurnal variation in acute thrombotic vascular events in the light of recent information. |
CASE REPORT | |
12. | Reel syndrome: dislodgement of an active fixation lead Serkan Saygı, Bahadır Kırılmaz, Hicran Yıldız, Ertuğrul Ercan PMID: 23128543 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.010 Pages 72 - 73 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
13. | Successful percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in patients with left atrial appendage thrombus Hakan Akıllı, Alpay Arıbaş, Gökhan Altunbaş, Kurtuluş Özdemir PMID: 23128544 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.011 Pages 73 - 74 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
14. | The role of two-dimensional speckle -tracking echocardiography in a patient with Behçet's disease Regayip Zehir, Can Yücel Karabay, Ahmet Çağrı Aykan, Mehmet Özkan PMID: 23128545 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.012 Pages 74 - 76 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
15. | Aneurysm of ascending and descending aorta in a 10-year-old-boy with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome Kadir Babaoğlu, Zeynep Seda Uyan, Köksal Binnetoğlu, Cenk Eray Yıldız, Nazan Sarper PMID: 23128546 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.013 Pages 76 - 77 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
16. | Vacuum-assisted closure for skin infection in a patient with Berlin Heart Excor biventricular assist device Öztekin Oto, Sadık Kıvanç Metin, Melih Bal, Gökçen Özserim, Baran Şevket Uğurlu PMID: 23128547 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.014 Pages 77 - 78 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
DIAGNOSTIC PUZZLE | |
17. | Electrocardiography in a patient with orthotopic cardiac transplantation Sinan Cerşit, Gizem Çabuk, Ümit Güray, Omaç Tüfekçioğlu PMID: 23154120 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.029 Page 79 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
LETTER TO THE EDITOR | |
18. | Prevalence of metabolic syndrome, its relationship with mental health (anger) and sociodemographic characteristics in women residing in central district of Malatya: a cross-sectional observational study Yalçın Önem PMID: 23154113 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.022 Page 80 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
19. | World Hypertension Congress 2013 İstemihan Tengiz PMID: 23425589 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.077 Page 81 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
20. | The difficulties during transcatheter aortic valve implantation and appropriate precautions Mehmet Gül, Mehmet Ertürk, Aydın Yıldırım, İhsan Bakır PMID: 23154114 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.023 Pages 81 - 82 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
21. | A challenging case of transcatheter aortic valve implantation under left main coronary artery protection Ahmet Çağrı Aykan, Tayyar Gökdeniz, Mustafa Tarık Ağaç, Şükrü Çelik PMID: 23154115 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.024 Pages 82 - 83 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
22. | Left atrial appendix thrombus presenting with acute coronary syndrome in a patient with rheumatic mitral stenosis Arzu Kalaycı, Suzan Akpınar, Ahmet Güler, Can Yücel Karabay PMID: 23154116 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.025 Pages 83 - 84 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
23. | Psychological problems in patients awaiting coronary angiography: a preliminary study Nahid Jamshidi, Abbas zadeh, Majid Najafi Kalyani PMID: 23154117 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.026 Pages 84 - 85 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
24. | Double outlet right ventricle: Fallot type or non-Fallot type Ayhan Çevik PMID: 23154118 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.027 Pages 85 - 86 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
25. | Video of minimally invasive totally endoscopic surgical treatment of a myxoma on the mitral valve Pınar Köksal Coşkun, Gül Baytan Sezer, Alper Tosya, Tayfun Aybek PMID: 23154119 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.028 Page 86 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
DIAGNOSTIC PUZZLE | |
26. | Electrocardiography in a patient with orthotopic cardiac transplantation Sinan Cerşit, Gizem Çabuk, Ümit Güray, Omaç Tüfekçioğlu PMID: 23154120 Page 87 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
INTERVIEW | |
27. | An Interview with Prof. Dr. Richard Sutton Sema Güneri PMID: 23154122 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.031 Pages 88 - 90 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
ALMANAC SERIAL | |
28. | Almanac 2012: interventional cardiology Pascal Meier, Adam Timmis PMID: 23248052 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.049 Pages 91 - 101 The field of interventional cardiology continues to progress quickly. The efficacy of percutaneous interventions with newer generation drug-eluting stents has advanced a lot over the last decade. This improvement in stent performance has broadened the level of indication towards more complex interventions such as left main and multi- vessel PCI. Major improvements continue in the field of medical co-therapy such as antiplatelet therapies (bivalirudin, prasugrel, ticagrelor) and this will further improve outcomes of PCI. The same is true for intravascular imaging such as ultrasound IVUS and optical coherence tomography OCT. However, interventional cardiology has become a rather broad field, also including alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, etc. At the moment, the fastest growing area is the structural interventions, especially for aortic valve stenosis (transcatheter aortic valve implantation TAVI) and for mitral regurgitation (mitral clipping). This review covers recent advances in all these different fields of interventional cardiology |
E-PAGE ORIGINAL IMAGES | |
29. | Giant left main coronary artery aneurysm complicated with anterior myocardial infarction in Behçet’s syndrome Ahmet Yaşar Çizgici, Fahrettin Öz, Murat Sezer, Sabahattin Umman PMID: 23128548 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.015 Pages E1 - E2 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
30. | Controlled removal of a dislodged stent causing myocardial ischemia 1 year after stent placement Ercan Erdoğan, Mehmet Akif Vatankulu, Mehmet Akkaya, Ahmet Bacaksız PMID: 23128549 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.016 Page E2 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
31. | Accordion-like giant interatrial septal aneurysm Zafer Işılak, Murat Yalçın, Alptuğ Tokatlı, Mehmet İncedayı PMID: 23128551 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.018 Pages E3 - E4 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
32. | Huge caseous calcification of the mitral annulus mimicking cardiac mass presented with atrioventricular block and severe mitral regurgitation İsa Öner Yüksel, Şakir Arslan, Göksel Çağırcı, Erkan Köklü PMID: 23128552 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.019 Pages E4 - E5 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
33. | Three-dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of an anterior mitral leaflet perforation and aortic vegetation due to infective endocarditis Sait Demirkol, Murat Ünlü, Şevket Balta, Uygar Çağdaş Yüksel PMID: 23128553 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.020 Pages E5 - E6 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
34. | Prosthetic mitral valve obstruction: diagnosis with real-time three- dimensional transesophageal echocardiography Saide Aytekin, Selen Yurdakul, Yelda Tayyareci PMID: 26392458 doi: 10.5152/akd.2013.021 Page E6 Abstract |Full Text PDF |
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