Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine whether admission hemoglobin versus post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) hemoglobin level at 24 hours is a predictor of in-hospital mortality for patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) without evidence of clinical hemorrhage who underwent primary PCI.
Methods: In this study, we included 1,444 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI at a tertiary heart hospital. The primary outcome of the study was the in-hospital all-cause mortality. We used the penalized maximum likelihood estimation (PMLE) logistic regression method to examine the relationship between primary outcome and candidate predictors.
Results: In total, 172 (11.9%) patients died during the in-hospital course. According to a PMLE logistic regression analysis, age, KILLIP class ≥2, pre-PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow <3, systolic blood pressure, creatinine, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use, and post-PCI hemoglobin levels at 24 hours were predictors of in-hospital mortality. The relative importance of post-PCI hemoglobin at 24 hours (contributing 6% of the explainable outcome in the model) was significantly higher than admission hemoglobin (contributing only 0.1% of the explainable outcome in the model).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that post-PCI hemoglobin levels were independently associated with in-hospital survival in patients with STEMI without evidence of bleeding following primary PCI. In addition, post-PCI hemoglobin was a better predictor of in-hospital mortality than admission hemoglobin for patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI.