, Deniz Gökengin 2
, Hülya Özkan Özdemir 3
, Halis Akalın 4
, Bülent Kaya 5
, Aydın Deveci 6
, Asuman İnan 7
, Dilara İnan 8
, Adalet Altunsoy 9
, Ayşe Serra Özel 10
, İlkay Karaoğlan 11
, Haluk Eraksoy 12
, Tuna Demirdal 13
, Taner Yıldırmak 14
, Serhat Birengel 15
, Ayşe İnci 16
, Arzu Nazlı 17
, Bircan Kayaaslan 9
, Sevgi Özan Köse 18
, Çiğdem Ataman Hatipoğlu 19
, Yasemin Esen 20
, Tuba Koç 20
, Petek Gilik 20
, Volkan Korten 1
, HIV-TR Study Group -
2Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ege University Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
3Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İzmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
4Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Uludağ University Hospital, Bursa, Türkiye
5Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
6Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ondokuz Mayıs University Hospital, Samsun, Türkiye
7Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
8Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya, Türkiye
9Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
10Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
11Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Gaziantep University Hospital, Gaziantep, Türkiye
12Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İstanbul University Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
13Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
14Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu City Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
15Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara University Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
16Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İstanbul Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
17Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Dokuz Eylül University Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
18Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Pamukkale University Hospital, Denizli, Türkiye
19Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
20MSD Türkiye, and HIV-TR Study Group
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH). We aimed to assess the prevalence of diagnosed CVD and the risk of CVD among PLWH using 5 different tools.
Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 tertiary centers in Türkiye between October 2021 and March 2022, among 1425 PLWH aged 40-75 years. About 82.7% were male, with a median age of 51. Web-based tools for each score were used for CVD risk calculations.
Results: Of 1425 PLWH enrolled, 10.8% had confirmed CVD, and 1132 had their risk scores evaluated. Of those participants, 42.8% had a higher risk of CVD (10-year risk of atherosclerotic CVD risk score (ASCVD) above 7.5%), and according to the European Society of Cardiology systemic coronary risk evaluation 2 (SCORE2), 71.7% had a high- to very high-risk rate. The agreement between various CVD risk tools varied, with Framingham heart study risk score (FRS), modified FRS, data collection on adverse effects of anti-HIV drugs (DAD), and SCORE2 for high-risk countries showing overall agreement rates of 82%, 94%, 91%, and 36%, respectively, compared to ASCVD. According to the 2021 European and 2019 American Cardiology guidelines, 75.3% and 47.1% of PLWH would be eligible for lipid-lowering agents, respectively.
Conclusion: The diagnosed CVD prevalence highlighted the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health and comorbidities in this population. SCORE2 identified a greater number of individuals at high/very high risk compared to other prediction tools. The implementation of CVD prevention through lipid-lowering therapy was far from desired levels in our cohort.